Periodontal Disease (Gum Disease)

What is Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal diseases are infections of the gums, which gradually destroy the bone support of your natural teeth. Dental plaque is the primary cause of periodontal disease in genetically susceptible individuals. Bacteria found in plaque produce toxins or poisons which irritate the gingiva. They may cause them to turn red, swell and bleed easily. If this irritation is prolonged, the gingiva separate from the teeth, causing pockets to form. Plaque can also harden into a rough, porous substance known as calculus (tartar). This can occur both above and below the gingival margin. As periodontal diseases progress, the supporting gingival tissue and bone that holds teeth in place deteriorate. If left untreated, this leads to tooth loss. However, don’t be fooled. Bleeding, redness and swelling do not have to be present with periodontal disease. Further, pain is usually not associated with periodontal disease. This disease damages the teeth, gum and jawbone of more than 80% of Americans by age 45. 

Periodontal Care

Periodontal treatment is necessary when various conditions affect the health of your gums and the regions of your jawbone which hold your teeth in place. Retaining your teeth is directly dependent on proper periodontal care and maintenance. Healthy gums enhance the appearance of your teeth, like a frame around a beautiful painting. When your gums become unhealthy, they can either recede or become swollen and red. In later stages, the supporting bone is destroyed and your teeth will shift, loosen or fall out. These changes not only affect your ability to chew and speak; but they also spoil your smile. Most importantly, untreated periodontal disease can be associated to other health concerns, including cancer.